AWT vs SWING

 

🔄 AWT vs Swing in Java

FeatureAWT (Abstract Window Toolkit)Swing (Part of Java Foundation Classes)
Packagejava.awtjavax.swing
Component TypeHeavyweight components (dependent on native OS GUI)Lightweight components (written entirely in Java)
Look and FeelFixed, platform-dependentPluggable Look and Feel (same GUI across platforms, customizable)
PerformanceSlower due to native callsFaster and more consistent due to lightweight nature
Rich Set of ComponentsLimited set (e.g., Button, TextField, Label)Rich set (e.g., JButton, JTable, JTree, JTabbedPane)
Custom ComponentsDifficult to create custom componentsEasy to create custom components with painting and rendering
Event Handling ModelOld event model (prior to Java 1.1), verboseFollows Event Delegation Model, more structured
Threading SupportNo explicit support for the Event Dispatch ThreadEncourages use of the Event Dispatch Thread (EDT)
Component NamingComponents do not start with 'J'Components start with 'J', e.g., JButton, JLabel, JFrame
MVC ArchitectureNot explicitly followedFollows MVC (Model-View-Controller) design
Look & Feel CustomizationNo supportCan change themes with UIManager.setLookAndFeel()
Ease of UseLess flexible, basic GUI applicationsMore flexible, used for complex GUI applications
Graphics and PaintingLimited drawing and rendering supportBetter support for 2D graphics, painting, and customization
Example FrameFrameJFrame

✅ Summary

AWTSwing
Platform-dependent UI                    Platform-independent UI
Fewer components and features                    Rich set of advanced components
Slower, less consistent GUI                            Faster, consistent GUI
Limited customization                    High customization and modern styling
Best for simple UIs                    Best for modern, complex desktop apps

📌 When to Use

  • AWT: Only for very basic applications or when interacting with system resources directly.

  • Swing: Preferred choice for building modern desktop applications with full GUI capabilities in Java.

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